The convergence speed for islanded microgrid systems using classical consensus control is slow, but the current improved consensus algorithm makes it difficult to meet the requirements of “plug and play” for distributed generation. Therefore, an improved consensus algorithm is proposed. By introducing the overall error elimination term, the information exchange between each distributed generation and the overall error elimination term acquisition are achieved without changing the original topology, and the stability of the improved consensus algorithm is verified through simulation. Subsequently, a control strategy based on the improved consensus algorithm is proposed, achieving frequency stability and precise power distribution for the islanded microgrid. Finally, an islanded microgrid simulation model is constructed to verify the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed control strategy, as well as its superiority in terms of convergence speed.