高性能非接触式mA级隧穿磁阻电流传感器的设计与实现
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刘佳乐2,李 磊2,胡晓旭3(1.中国电力科学研究院 ,湖北 武汉 430074;2.南京理工大学自动化学院 ,江苏 南京 210094;3.国网福建营销服务中心 ,福建 福州 350013)

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通讯作者:

余佶成(1988—),男,博士,高级工程师,主要从事电力系统智能量测方面的研究;E-mail:yujicheng@epri.sgcc.com.cn,

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TM933

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金(52307020);湖北省自然科学基金(2023AFB074);国网福建省电力有限公司科技项目(B3130X24000F)


Design and development of non -contact mA -class tunneling magnetoresistance current sensor with high performance
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(1.China Electric Power Research Institute , Wuhan 430074, China; 2.School of Automation , Nanjing University of Science & Technology , Nanjing 210094, China; 3.State Grid Fujian Marketing Service Center , Fuzhou 350013, China)

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    摘要:

    及时准确地监测泄漏电流,是实现电气设备绝缘监测和故障预警、保障电网安全稳定运行的基础。随着可再生能源和电力电子设备的广泛应用,泄漏电流的测量需在不影响设备正常工作的情况下实现 mA级准确测量。隧穿磁阻 (tunneling magnetoresistive,TMR)技术通过量子隧穿效应感应待测电流激发出的磁场,其独特的材料结构赋予其超低功耗和微弱电流检测能力,为该传感器设计提供了核心支撑。先基于 TMR工作原理,构建了适用于mA级非接触式测量的电流传感结构。然后,针对 TMR传感器在复杂温度环境下的灵敏度温漂问题,创新性地提出一种基于三次样条插值的软件补偿方法,通过对传感器在不同温度下的输出数据进行拟合,获得连续的灵敏度补偿曲线,显著提升传感器的温度稳定性,并优化设计了传感器的聚磁环和信号处理电路。最后,通过研制样机进行实验,证明在 ±250 mA电流范围下,所设计的高性能非接触式 mA级TMR电流传感器能够以 0.2%FS精准测量电流,温漂系数低至 106.3 ppm/℃,较传统硬件补偿方法 (387.9 ppm/℃)降低了约 73%,大幅抑制了环境温度影响,且灵敏度为 9.994 V/A,满足电网安全运行、绝缘检测等领域的微弱电流测量需求。

    Abstract:

    Timely and accurate monitoring of leakage current is the foundation for achieving insulation monitoring and fault early warning of electrical equipment and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid.With the wide application of renewable energy and power electronic equipment,the measurement of leakage current needs to achieve mA-level accurate measurement without affecting the normal operation of equipment.Tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) technology senses the magnetic field generated by the current to be measured through the quantum tunneling effect.Its unique material structure endows it with ultra-low power consumption and weak current detection capabilities,providing core support for the sensor design in this paper.This paper first constructs a current sensing structure suitable for mA-level non-contact measurement based on the working principle of TMR.Second,to address the sensitivity temperature drift problem of TMR sensors in complex temperature environments,an innovative software compensation method based on cubic spline interpolation is proposed.By fitting the output data of the sensor at different temperatures,a continuous sensitivity compensation curve is obtained,significantly improving the temperature stability of the sensor.The magnetic ring and signal processing circuit of the sensor are optimized and designed.Finally,through the development of a prototype for experiments,it is proved that within the current range of ± 250 mA,the designed high-performance non-contact mA-class TMR current sensor can accurately measure the current at 0.2%FS,with a temperature drift coefficient as low as 106.3 ppm/℃,which is approximately 73% lower than that in the traditional hardware compensation method (387.9 ppm/℃).It significantly suppresses the influence of environmental temperature,and the sensitivity is 9.994 V/A,meeting the requirements of weak current measurement in fields such as safe operation of power grids and insulation detection.

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引用本文

余佶成,周峰,殷小东,等.高性能非接触式mA级隧穿磁阻电流传感器的设计与实现[J].电力科学与技术学报,2025,40(6):213-220.
YU Jicheng, ZHOU Feng, YIN Xiaodong, et al. Design and development of non -contact mA -class tunneling magnetoresistance current sensor with high performance[J]. Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology,2025,40(6):213-220.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-22
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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-02-03
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