Based on the VIENNA rectifier front-end circuit of the electric vehicle DC charging pile, a small signal method is proposed to model the VIENNA rectifier. This method derives the mathematical model of the VIENNA rectifier in the dq0 coordinate system by employing local linearization techniques and state-space averaging method. It obtains the relevant transfer function matrix, namely the linearized small-signal model of the VIENNA rectifier, which is then utilized for controller design. Subsequently, the voltage loop and current loop are designed separately using frequency domain methods. The effects of various parameters on the system are analyzed in detail using frequency domain methods and root locus plots. Additionally, curves describing the changes in the system's stability region with respect to various parameters are provided through curve fitting. Finally the correctness of the proposed method is verified through the experiments.