It is aimed at the situation that the photovoltaic array fails in the harsh plateau environment or the output power decreases in the shadow state for a long time.In this paper, a control strategy based on improved CS (Cuckoo Search) algorithm for maximum power point tracking and optimized post-controllable switching matrix is proposed.In the algorithm improvement, the adaptive step size factor is added to the voltage equation to improve the global optimization ability and local optimization accuracy of the algorithm. The improved algorithm is compared with the traditional particle swarm optimization algorithm and the traditional CS algorithm, and the waveform oscillation time and power output are improved.At the same time,TCT (total-cross-tied,TCT) controllable switch matrix is optimized, and a group of switches are added at two levels of each component respectively to reduce the influence on output power in case of failure inside the component or shadow.Finally, the maximum power output before and after optimization is compared by simulation. The results show that the maximum power output of the optimized photovoltaic array increases by 13.9%, 4.5% and 2.2% respectively in the fault and two shadow states.