A strategy and evaluation method for enhancing the resilience of distribution networks, which considers load importance under extreme weather disasters, is proposed to improve the resilience enhancement strategy and evaluation system of distribution networks after the occurrence of small-probability， high-risk extreme weather disasters. Firstly, taking typhoon weather as a representative event of extreme weather disasters, the line failure probability is determined based on the typhoon weather model and the failure probability model of overhead lines. Secondly, a three-stage joint optimization strategy model for resilience enhancement is established to determine the joint optimization strategy for resilience enhancement, the faulty lines, and the minimum load shedding rate based on the line failure probability. Then, a resilience evaluation method considering load importance is proposed to assess the resilience of distribution networks based on the load shedding rate and load importance of each node under the resilience enhancement strategy. Finally, simulations are conducted using the IEEE 33-node system to compare the resilience enhancement effects of single resilience enhancement measure with those of joint optimization of multiple measures, verifying the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed resilience enhancement strategy and evaluation method.